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Freeze-thaw 2020/21: Recommendations from an unprecedented winter

This report begins by providing a refresher on what freeze-thaw is, how we manage freeze-thaw, and why it can be a problem – before delving into an assessment of how well the industry managed freeze-thaw this year, including considering the impacts of COVID-19, and identifying some new operational and incident response recommendations to take forward. It also reflects on the impact that freeze-thaw can have on leakage.